Bridgiett+and+Susan+-Madagascar+4B

Republic Of Madagascar ** Did you know? **  · Madagascar is about the same size as Texas, also Madagascar is the world’s fourth biggest Island. · Eighty percent of the Island’s flora and fauna are endemic to Madagascar. · Malagasy, as official language of Madagascar, is a unique mixture of Indonesian, African languages, Arabic and some Malaysian. · In Madagascar, a meal without rice is considered incomplete.

** Flag ** The flag of Madagascar was was adopted on October 21,1958. Red represents sovereignty, green stands for hope, and white symbolizes purity.

** Official name ** The official name is the Republic of Madagascar.

** Anthem ** The national anthem of Madagascar is “Oh, Dear Homeland.” ** Country and development data ** Capital: Antananarivo Population: 21,281,844 (rank=56) Area, Sq. mi.: 226,658 (rank=46) Area, sq. km.: 587,041 Human Dev. Index rank: 145 of 177 countries Adjusted for women: 120 of 156 countries Real GDP per capita: 932 Adults lit. Rate: 77% male 65% female Infant mortality rate: 54 per 1,000 births Life expectancy 58 male 62 female ** Background ** **Land and climate** In the hot and rainy seasons of Madagascar have weather with inland highs averaging to about 85 degrees F .Extends from September to April. Then dry and cool weather lasts from May to August. Only inland areas experience cold winter with lows averaging to about48 degrees F. **History** Madagascar’s first settlers arrived from Indonesia and Malaysia almost two thousand years ago. They are the ancestors of the island’s highland tribes, primarily the Merina and Betsileo. Many Malayo-Indonesia a;so mixed with the Arabs and Afriacans that have came in different centuries. Forming all kindas of coastal tribes known collectively as cotiers. The highland cotier people had developed, seperetly over a long amont of time. With there respective kings, cultures. Together these people got the name Malagasy. After the Portuguese founded Madagascar in 1500, Europeans, and pirates came there to trade guns, clothing, food ,and herbs. Local infections and diseases kept Europeans from coming for any real state of being till’ late- 1800’s. Then in the late 1790’s, Merina King Andrianampoinimerina unified the highland tribes, until establishing Antananarivo as his capital. His son Radama 1 extended Merina domination to most other parts of the island. The Merina need to join together the entire island collided with the British and French. The two powers had varying amounts or input to Merina rulers until France finally took control in 1896. Then in 1958 the malgasy over whelming suportied independence in a referendum. Then the independence was granted in the 1960’s. **The language** Madagascar’s official languages are Malagasy, French ,and English. The language Malagasy is a mixture of Indonesian, African , Arabic and some Malaysian. And the alphabet doesn’t have these letters c, q u, w or x. Madagascar’s president is Andry Rajoelina the head of state. When the president is elected they can serve for a five year term and then parliament severs for a four-years term. And members of the national Assembly are directly elected. Two-thirds of the senators represent regional assemblies and get together meetings. The president chooses the remaining third. And religious coalitions acts as important pressure groups. But you also have to be 18 years of age to vote.
 * Government **

The Malagasy economy is based on agriculture, and with 80 percent of people engaged in the substance farming. Many farmers are also employed in an export- oriented agriculture pursuit. To cash crops and that includes coffee, cloves, vanilla, sugars, and tobaccos. And then in the food crops they include rice, cassava, cereal grains, potatoes, and also corns such as sweet corn and regular corn.Then there are the primary live stock such as zebus, pigs, goats,and last but not least sheep. There are also manufacturing's located mostly in the capital, that is focused on textiles and, timber and food processing. The fishing industry also has a high potential but is underexploited.
 * Economy **

About half of all Malagasy practice indigenous beliefs that acknowledge the existence of the supreme being, called Andriamanitra or Zanahary. Ancestors are seen as intermediaries between the gods and the living. The living report their activities and needs to their ancestors, who provide directives and taboos.
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 * [|**Nation**] || [|**Region**] || [|**Population**] || [|**Real GDP (per capita)***] || [|**Literacy (male)**] || [|**Literacy (female)**] || [|**Infant mortality (per 1,000 births)**] || [|**Life expectancy (male)**] || [|**Life expectancy (female)**] ||
 * Madagascar || Africa (Southern Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa) || 21,281,844 || $932 || 77% || 65% || 54 || 58 || 62 ||
 * United States of America || Americas (North America) || 310,232,863 || $45,592 || 99% || 99% || 6 || <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">77 || <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: center;">81 ||